Introduction to Azure DNS

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    Azure DNS lets in your organisation to host and control public and personal DNS data. Azure DNS lets in you to completely combine your organisation's public and personal DNS namespaces with programs, offerings, and hosts which you set up in Azure.

    You are liable for networking at Tailwind Traders, a brand new and increasing on line trade store. At the moment, Tailwind Traders presently hosts its public DNS region, tailwindtraders.com, on DNS servers controlled via way of means of the business enterprise's area registrar. The business enterprise has owned the DNS region considering the fact that earlier than you configured the organisation's Microsoft 365 subscription. You use the DNS registrar's equipment to control data related to this public DNS region. As the business enterprise is growing the deployment of programs and offerings in Azure, you would really like to simplify the method of coping with the general public DNS data related to the ones Azure programs. You would really like to keep away from continuously transferring among Azure and the registrar's equipment every time a brand new internet software is deployed or modified.

In this module, you will:
  • Learn what Azure DNS is and the functionality it provides.
  • Determine whether Azure DNS meets the needs of your organization.
  • Understand the difference between Azure DNS public and private zones.

What is Azure DNS?

    Azure DNS is a cloud carrier that permits you to host and control area call system (DNS) domains, additionally called DNS zones. A DNS region is a group of DNS statistics. DNS statistics can relate a Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) related to the region to an IP cope with or every other DNS file. For example, www.tailwindtraders.com (a number file) mapping to a particular IP cope with (40.71.177.34).

    Azure DNS permits you to control DNS region facts the usage of the Azure portal, Azure PowerShell, the Azure CLI, and Rest APIs. Instead of getting to control DNS region facts via a 1/3-celebration DNS issuer or web website hosting and dealing with a DNS Server carrier your self on a bodily server or digital machine, you may control DNS region facts associated with Azure sources the usage of your Azure control toolkit. In the case of tailwindtraders.com, in case you select to apply Azure DNS to host the tailwindtraders.com DNS region, you may control region facts the usage of Azure gear in preference to the usage of a separate set of gear furnished through the area registrar.

    Since Azure DNS is hosted on Microsoft's Azure infrastructure, the carrier is extra resilient to community disasters than DNS offerings hosted on character servers controlled through your agency or 1/3 parties. If a DNS carrier web website hosting vital DNS region facts including the statistics on your agency's internet site or e-mail server will become unavailable, the ones offerings will possibly now no longer feature correctly. For example, a DNS server outage now no longer most effective can forestall human beings from being capable of navigate on your agency's internet site, however it may additionally forestall human beings from being capable of e-mail others to your agency!

    You can completely combine Azure DNS with Azure sources. Azure DNS affords capability permitting you to mechanically replace statistics primarily based totally on whilst you installation or adjust sources in Azure. For example, in case you were not the usage of Azure DNS and also you select to installation an internet software which you need to accomplice with the custom FQDN app.tailwindtraders.com, you may want to create or replace the host file for app.tailwindtraders.com withinside the tailwindtraders.com DNS region to factor to the net app's IP cope with on a DNS server which you control separately. With Azure DNS, you may automate the procedure of configuring and updating DNS statistics. If you pass the net app to a brand new location, the Azure DNS file related to that net app will mechanically be updated.

    Azure DNS helps all not unusualplace DNS file kinds along with A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, PTR, SOA, SRV, and TXT statistics. Azure DNS helps statistics that map to each IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, and Azure DNS servers may be reached through customers the usage of each IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.

How Azure DNS works

    Azure DNS hosts DNS zones and provides a name resolution service using Microsoft's Azure infrastructure. Traditionally when a DNS service is hosted on a server running Windows Server or Linux and a DNS zone gets delegated to that server. A client making a DNS query for a host in that zone will have their query answered by that DNS server service. When a host on the internet queries for a DNS record in a DNS zone that has been delegated to Azure DNS, Azure DNS responds to that host with the result of that query.

    DNS zones in Azure DNS are hosted across Azure's global network of DNS name servers. These servers use Anycast networking so that queries for DNS zone data will be answered by the DNS server closest to the querying client. For example, if a person in Australia is performing a DNS query against a DNS record in a DNS zone hosted in Azure DNS, a DNS server in an Australian Azure datacenter will respond to that query. The same query performed by someone in Europe will have a DNS server in a European Azure region respond to the query.

Azure DNS public zones

    Azure DNS public area host area call area records for data which you intend to be resolved via way of means of any host at the internet. Azure DNS public zones help all not unusualplace DNS file sorts consisting of A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, PTR, SOA, SRV, and TXT data. Azure DNS helps alias file sets. You can use an alias file set to consult an Azure useful resource, which includes an Azure public IP deal with, an Azure Traffic Manager profile, or an Azure Content Delivery Network (CDN) endpoint. If the IP deal with of the underlying useful resource changes, the alias file set seamlessly updates itself in the course of DNS resolution. The alias file set factors to the carrier example, and the carrier example is related to an IP deal with. You can create a DNS area and control the assets inside that area the usage of the Azure portal, Azure CLI, Azure PowerShell or via a Rest API.

Azure DNS private zones

    Many groups use inner DNS names which can be break free public DNS names for hosts on their inner on-premises networks. Azure Private DNS zones permit you to mirror this capability through configuring a non-public DNS sector namespace that may be used to map FQDNs with non-public Azure assets. For example, you would possibly have numerous digital networks that host digital machines for your organization's Azure subscription which can be inaccessible to the net however handy thru a digital non-public network. In the destiny Tailwind Traders will installation numerous multi- tier packages walking throughout IaaS digital machines. In this configuration, every digital device plays extraordinary utility duties which include manipulation and processing of income data. The utility architects need every digital device in an effort to get right of entry to different assets on those non-public digital networks the usage of FQDNs. You additionally need to make sure that the ones FQDNs aren't resolvable to hosts outdoor at the Internet. This assignment may be achieved the usage of Azure DNS non-public zones. If you need to configure a few statistics withinside the tailwindtraders.com DNS sector to be public while others continue to be non-public you could additionally use Azure DNS non-public zones to perform this goal. Another time period for this segmenting of public and personal DNS statistics in a sector is split-horizon DNS.

Like Azure DNS public zones, Azure DNS private zones support all common DNS record types including A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, PTR, SOA, SRV, and TXT records.

Azure DNS private zones support the following features:
  • Automatic hostname record management. Along with hosting your custom DNS records, Azure automatically maintains hostname records for the VMs in the specified virtual networks. In this scenario, you can optimize the domain names you use without needing to create custom DNS solutions or modify applications.

  • Hostname resolution between virtual networks. Unlike Azure-provided host names, private DNS zones can be shared between virtual networks. This capability simplifies cross-network and service-discovery scenarios, such as virtual network peering.

  • Split-horizon DNS support. With Azure DNS, you can create zones with the same name that resolve to different answers from within a virtual network and from the public internet. A typical scenario for split-horizon DNS is to provide a dedicated version of a service for use inside your virtual network.

  • Support for Azure Private Endpoint DNS. Azure DNS private zones support FQDN records in a private DNS zone mapping to an Azure Private Endpoint. An Azure Private Endpoint is a network interface with a private IP address on a virtual network that maps to an Azure service such as Azure Storage, Azure Cosmos DB, Azure SQL Database or your own Azure Private Link Service
A diagram shows the integration of the Azure DNS public zone tailwindtraders.com with the Azure DNS private zone tailwindtraders.com in split-horizon configuration.


When to use Azure DNS

    Almost every organization that has an internet presence has one or more DNS domain names. When you set up Tailwind Trader's Microsoft 365 subscription, you used a domain registrar to acquire the tailwindtraders.com DNS zone. Since then, you've been managing DNS records in this zone using the domain registrar's tools. As your organization starts to deploy applications and services in Azure, you find the process of managing DNS records associated with those resources to become more administratively intensive.

Your options for managing the records in public DNS zones include:

  • Use your DNS registrar's DNS management tools. Most DNS registrars provide basic DNS zone hosting and management functionality. You can use your DNS registrar's tools to manually create and manage records in your organizations publicly registered DNS zones. The drawback of using a DNS registrar's management functionality is that is difficult to automate changes in line with adding and modifying apps and services in Azure. DNS registrar tools are mostly aimed at organizations that need simple DNS services, not those who are adding and modifying new services on a frequent basis.
  • Manage your own DNS servers. Many organizations, especially those with on-premises configurations involving Active Directory Domain Services already host their own DNS server infrastructure. Whilst managing your own DNS servers is more administratively intensive, if your organization needs to replicate Active Directory integrated DNS zone data, zone transfer, or needs to support DNSSEC, managing your own DNS server might be a more appropriate solution. In the case of Tailwind Traders, you don't need this extra functionality so the additional administrative effort required to manage your own DNS server isn't justified.

Azure DNS provides an alternative to these commonly used options. You should use Azure DNS:
  • When you want a highly resilient DNS server service to host your DNS zone data.
  • You do not want to manage your own DNS servers or the underlying operating systems that host those services.
  • You want DNS record management for your Azure resources integrated into your Azure management tools.
  • You do not need access to features such as DNSSEC, Active Directory Integrated DNS Zones, or zone transfer.
    Azure DNS provides you with a good solution because you do not currently require features such as DNSSEC and you do not want to manage a DNS server. Azure DNS also allows you to manage Azure and DNS resources using a single set of tools.

    When your application developers deploy a multi-tier VM application in a private Azure virtual network for which DNS resource records shouldn't be publicly resolvable, you can implement Azure DNS private zones. You should use Azure DNS private zones:
  • When you want to provide DNS zones only to hosts on specific Azure virtual networks.
  • You want to automatically register hosts in a specific Azure virtual network.
  • You want to allow private DNS zone data to be accessible across multiple virtual networks in your subscription.
  • You want to use DNS in a split horizon configuration where a limited number of DNS records are available to clients on the internet, but a full set of records is available to hosts in Azure virtual networks.
  • You want to configure records in your DNS zone to point to Azure private endpoints such as Azure Storage, Azure Cosmos DB, or Azure SQL Database.

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